Vast amounts of economic activity are not counted across many parts of the world. In Latin America, estimates of the size of this “shadow economy”

Until fairly recently, history was written primarily with a focus on the state, using sources generated by states (or early versions of states). Historians’ views

What were the effects of the capital destruction wrecked on the South during Sherman’s March? Comparing neighboring counties that differ only on whether or not they were unlucky enough to be in the way of Sherman’s scorched earth campaign, new work shows that destruction did have significant medium-run effects on the southern economy.

Vengeance, retribution meted out by an individual or social group against someone who has harmed them, has long fascinated social scientists. From blood feuds in

Around 6 to 10 million people died from famine in the Soviet Union in 1932 and 1933, and 22 to 45 million died from famine